I. Indications for colonoscopy.
1, unexplained abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, abdominal pain, blood in stool, black stool, positive fecal examination occult blood, change in stool habit, abdominal mass, wasting, anemia, suspected of having lesions of the colon, rectum, terminal ileum.
2.Barium enema reveals lesions such as stenosis, ulcer, polyp, carcinoma, diverticulum, etc. in the intestinal cavity, and biopsy must be taken to further clarify the nature of the lesion.
3.Metastatic adenocarcinoma, those who are looking for the primary lesion
4.Diagnosis and follow-up of ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, etc.
5.Treatment such as hemostasis and polyp removal.
6.Censuses for high-risk groups of colorectal cancer.
7, postoperative review of colorectal cancer and colorectal polyps, etc.
8. Long-term constipation, long oral laxative treatment and difficult bowel movement.
Second, the intestinal preparation before colonoscopy.
1, the day before the examination do not eat fiber-rich vegetables and fruits, fasting on the day of examination.
2, listen carefully to the doctor’s introduction of the examination process before the examination, to relieve ideological concerns.
3.There are many methods of intestinal cleansing, and each hospital uses different drugs. Intestinal preparation should be carried out according to medical advice. Oral medication to clean the intestines, after taking medication to drink more water, the final discharge of stool was clear water or light yellow, no fecal residue, for the best intestinal cleansing effect.
4, for patients who need to cleanse their intestines with colon hydrotherapy, must be carried out in a professional hospital.
5, after the examination can be appropriate rest, such as severe abdominal pain, abdominal distension, blood in the stool and other conditions occur, should immediately go to the hospital emergency.
Third, colonoscopy precautions.
1.After taking the upper medicine, if the discharge contains feces or fecal water-like liquid, you should tell the colonoscopy medical personnel in time for further intestinal treatment.
2, in order to facilitate the entry of the mirror or see the mucosal pattern of the intestinal cavity, doctors sometimes need to inject a small amount of air into the intestinal cavity to expand or expose the intestinal cavity, at this time, patients often feel bloated and have the feeling of relieving stool; in addition, due to the curved and tortuous large intestine, sometimes the bending angle of the intestine is too large, or the patient has a history of abdominal surgery, intestinal adhesions, the patient will feel some distension and pain when the colonoscope is passed. At this time it is best to take a deep breath, do not overstress, otherwise intestinal spasm is likely to occur, increasing the difficulty and risk of the doctor into the mirror, prolonging the operation time.
3, the average colonoscopy takes about 15 minutes, sometimes due to individual differences, or abnormalities in the large intestine, the examination time may be a little longer.
4, there is a certain risk of colonoscopy, for safety, elderly people over 60 years old should have an electrocardiogram.
5.If there is obvious abdominal pain, abdominal distension, dizziness and other symptoms after the intestinal examination, the doctor should be informed in time for further treatment.
6, the application of advanced domestic and foreign colonoscopy single operator colonoscopy method, with high safety, low pain, into the mirror speed and other advantages, but also according to the condition and patient needs for anesthesia painless colonoscopy.
Four, colonoscopy contraindications.
1.Severe stenosis of the anus and rectum, perianal abscess, anal fissure.
2, acute severe colitis, severe radiation enteritis.
3, those with extensive intra-abdominal adhesions.
4, those with advanced cancer with extensive intra-abdominal metastases.
5, acute diffuse peritonitis.
6, severe ascites, pregnant women.
7, patients with severe cardiopulmonary failure, severe hypertension, cerebrovascular disease lesions, mental abnormalities and coma.
In conclusion, colonoscopy technology is currently the main irreplaceable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal diseases. In particular, people over 40 years old should undergo annual routine microscopy for early detection of colonic pathologies. I hope that the majority of patients, when intestinal symptoms appear, follow the advice of their physicians and readily accept e-colonoscopy. You should never “refuse colonoscopy” again.