Gallbladder cancer is a highly malignant tumor and its prognosis is closely related to the pathological type, stage, surgical method and post-operative adjuvant treatment of the tumor. Gallbladder cancer refers to malignant tumors originating from the gallbladder. Because of its high malignancy, early metastasis, not easy to be detected early, high recurrence rate and insensitivity to chemotherapy drugs, its prognosis is extremely poor and its survival period is significantly shortened compared with other tumors of digestive tract. There are many factors affecting how long gallbladder cancer can live after surgery. The main factor is related to the stage of gallbladder cancer, that is to say, the early and late detection of the tumor is very closely related to the prognosis, the earlier the detection, the more timely the treatment and the longer the survival after surgery. If advanced gallbladder cancer is found, even the largest surgery will not help to prolong the survival. The more malignant the tumor is, the shorter its survival time is, but it is difficult to specify exactly how long it is. What can be obtained by studying past experiences is the probability of survival. Clinically, gallbladder cancer is divided into four stages. For in situ or stage I gallbladder cancer, the five-year survival rate can reach almost 100% after simple cholecystectomy, but the survival rate gradually decreases with the increase of its stage and malignancy. For patients who need extended radical surgery, their five-year survival rate is only 13.4%, including 17% for combined hepatopancreaticoduodenectomy and 6% for combined portal vein resection, and the survival rate is 0% without surgical treatment. In conclusion, in order to improve the survival rate of gallbladder cancer, early detection and timely surgery should be performed, especially for patients with high risk factors for gallbladder cancer, such as gallbladder stones, gallbladder polyps, bile duct cysts and other diseases should be closely followed up and treated as early as possible if necessary to prevent cancer.