According to the World Health Organization, a couple who has been sexually active without any contraceptive measures for more than 1 year and whose female partner is infertile due to male factors is considered as male infertility. According to the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility, the main causes of reduced male fertility are: congenital and acquired genitourinary tract malformations, reproductive tract infections, elevated scrotal temperature (varicocele), endocrine disorders, genetic defects and immune factors. It may seem clear at a glance, but what causes infertility in a specific patient is often a difficult question to answer. The so-called unexplained, also known as idiopathic infertility, refers to the application of the existing means of examination of both husband and wife are no obvious abnormalities, but did not conceive a child; or, the examination is simply the male semen quality is not good, semen analysis shows less sperm, weak sperm and abnormal deformed sperm, but do not know what causes, called “idiopathic semen abnormalities”. What is the weight of a semen test result? In fact, just one abnormal semen report does not mean anything and must be reviewed again. This is because the growth cycle of sperm is generally 3 months, during which it is dynamic and may be different every day. In a survey conducted by the World Health Organization, researchers conducted biweekly semen examinations on some fertile men and found that the highest sperm count could reach more than 100 million, but if some patients happened to be in a state of flu or exhaustion at the time of the examination, the sperm count might have dropped to more than 2 million at once. Therefore, using a semen test to estimate infertility is not very accurate! Even if the semen test is not normal, you cannot say that it is infertile, only that its semen quality is poor, but the possibility of fertility, is still there. Moreover, even if all tests (including semen tests) are normal, it does not exclude factors that cause infertility in men. In fact, low fertility, uncertain fertility and good fertility. If a patient is found to have low sperm, weak sperm, or abnormal spermatozoa, in that case, fertility may be low, but it does not necessarily mean that the patient is infertile. In other words, none of the items in the semen test can be used as a diagnostic indicator of infertility, but only as a reference to understand the possibility of infertility. Of course, if the male partner belongs to a serious case of oligospermia, or even azoospermia, or a serious case of weak sperm or deformed sperm, it is difficult to shirk the responsibility of infertility. However, fertility is a ‘cooperative project of both spouses, and if the female partner is in better health, she can compensate for the problems in low fertility of the male. Just like varicocele, although it has an effect on semen, its role in infertility only manifests itself when the female partner also has reduced fertility.