Semen is not liquefied when the isolated semen is not liquefied or still contains non-liquefied agglomerates after 60 minutes at room temperature (22-25°C). Semen non-liquefaction is one of the causes of male infertility, accounting for about 9.8% of male infertility. As semen is not liquefied, it prolongs the time of sperm in the semen clot, prevents effective movement, slows or inhibits the passage of sperm through the cervix, and causes sperm to die during movement due to excessive energy consumption, leading to male infertility. Semen is present in the male reproductive tract in a liquid state. When semen is ejaculated, it immediately turns into a jelly-like milky white substance, with sperm contained inside the semen or attached to the surface, unable to swim automatically. After about 15 to 20 minutes, the semen will produce an automatic liquefaction process that liquefies the gel and turns it into a thin, flowing liquid. This process of liquid agglutination and liquefaction of semen has physiological significance. The initial liquid state is to facilitate the ejection of semen, and the subsequent formation of clots facilitates the stay of semen in the vagina for a longer period of time, allowing sperm to rest and gain energy. Once liquefied, the sperm has enough energy to penetrate the cervical mucus and proceed deeper into the reproductive tract, eventually reaching the fallopian tube to meet the egg. The process of coagulation and liquefaction of semen is closely related to the catalytic action of enzymes. A protein-like substance secreted by the seminal vesicle gland forms the matrix for the gel-like substance, while a protein hydrolase secreted by the prostate gland is involved in the liquefaction process. If these accessory glands are infected or otherwise diseased, they can have varying degrees of disruption to the secreted enzymes, resulting in dysregulation of the enzyme system. When inflammation of the prostate occurs, the lack of protein hydrolase makes the semen in some patients not liquefy even after 1 hour, or liquefy poorly and with too high viscosity. In this case, the sperm can not swim, which will naturally cause infertility. The incidence of male infertility due to semen non-liquefaction is generally about 7% to 9%. 90% of the patients with semen non-liquefaction suffer from prostatitis, and about 12% of the patients with prostatitis have semen non-liquefaction. For the treatment of semen non-liquefaction, the first step is to actively treat the primary lesions such as prostatitis and seminal vesicle adenitis to restore their normal function. The semen is not liquefied and is closely related to prostate disease (including chronic prostatitis and prostate pain), vesiculitis, varicocele, testicular dysplasia and other diseases, which must be taken seriously. The coagulation protein is mainly from the seminal gland, while the liquefaction factor is mainly from the prostate. The enzymes as liquefaction factors become less active when the prostate gland’s secretion activity decreases, or the balance between liquefaction and coagulation factors is broken due to the increase in coagulation proteins secreted by the seminal vesicle gland, which manifests as semen non-liquefaction or delayed semen liquefaction. 2, varicocele is second only to prostate disease in its effect on semen liquefaction: varicocele can not only cause male infertility by itself through various mechanisms, but also cause pelvic congestion due to varicocele, leading to disorders in the function of the reproductive system, including the prostate gland, thus reducing the liquefaction factor secreted by the prostate gland, plus the testicular atrophy caused by varicocele in some patients. In addition, the endocrine function of the testes is dysfunctional and the secretion of testosterone is reduced, both of which together lead to the occurrence and development of semen non-liquefaction. 3. Mycoplasma, Chlamydia trachomatis and gonococcal infection: Mycoplasma infects the secondary gonads, causing them to become dysfunctional and changing the composition of seminal plasma. Because mycoplasma needs cholesterol and urea to grow, and the prostate is rich in cholesterol, and because of the anatomical position of the prostate, urine is easy to return to the prostate and provide it with the required urea, so the prostate is a common and major susceptible organ for mycoplasma. The study proved that mycoplasma cytoplasm contains urease, which can break down urea to produce NH3 and H20, which can cause cell damage and lead to the occurrence of prostatitis, so that the liquefaction factor is lacking and cannot secrete proteolytic enzymes, lyso-fibrinase and other semen liquefaction factors normally to destroy the coagulation factor produced by the seminal vesicle gland, leading to the non-liquefaction of semen and affecting fertility. Mycoplasma infection can also affect the immunosuppressive substances in seminal plasma, leading to the production of anti-sperm antibodies. Chlamydia trachomatis and gonococcus can cause a delay in semen liquefaction time. 4, the effect of testicular function on semen liquefaction: testicular dysplasia, mainly manifested as small testicles (volume <10m1) and inelasticity. fsh is increased and t value is decreased. This is because the production of semen is directly controlled by endocrine hormones, especially the level of testosterone in the body, which regulates the secretory activity of the accessory gonads and the production of various secretions. The testosterone is reduced and the secretion function of the accessory sex glands (including the prostate and seminal vesicle glands) is reduced, resulting in the phenomenon of semen non-liquefaction, which can also affect the quality of sperm. < p=""> 5. Idiopathic non-liquefaction: Some patients with semen non-liquefaction are not found to have related causes, this is called idiopathic non-liquefaction, and the clinical treatment is very poor. We believe that it is still very difficult to treat non-liquefaction, but if we can find the relevant causes to provide a basis for subsequent treatment and carry out cause-specific treatment, it will further improve